Deutsche Welle, 1 June 2013
It looks
like a computer game, but it's deadly serious news in Germany: US soldiers
control drone attacks with a joystick. According to new media reports, military
bases on German soil play a key role in the drone war.
The
attacker has a decisive advantage: he can attack without being in personal
danger. Everything is controlled remotely off-site and the opponent can be
thousands of kilometers away. Drones have become an essential part in the US's
post-September 11 war against terror in Afghanistan and other regions, but
their use is ethically and legally controversial.
According
to reports from German TV news show "Panorama" and the daily
newspaper "Süddeutsche Zeitung," the US use their German military
bases to conduct attacks and targeted killings. The United States Africa
Command (AFRICOM), based in Stuttgart since 2008, and the US Air Force base
Ramstein in particular are said to play substantial roles in the drone war.
 |
| Has AFRICOM controlled drone attacks from Germany? |
AFRICOM
coordinates all US missions on the African continent from Germany. Within this
context, the reports said, it's safe to assume that AFRICOM also coordinates
the use of drones in Africa. Drones were used to kill suspected terrorist in
Somalia, for example. Since 2007, up to 27 people, some of them civilians, have
died there in attacks by the unmanned planes, according to the London-based
"Bureau of Investigative Journalism."
Ramstein a
key location?
The contact
between the pilot in the US and the drone in Africa is supposedly relayed
through a satellite facility in Ramstein, a military base in the western German
state of Rhineland-Palatinate. The media outlets quoted a US Air Force paper
saying that the attacks aren't possible without this relay station. Ramstein is
also home to the central Air and Space Operations Center (AOC).
The drones
themselves are not stationed in Germany. For missions in Africa, there are
bases in Djibouti, Niger, Ethiopia and on the Seychelles. But personnel and the
technology needed to control the drones is reportedly based in Germany.
Maj. Ryan
Donald, spokesman for the United States European Command, replied to a DW
inquiry saying that the AOC supervises flights, but does not directly operate airborne
objects.
Violating
international law
Most
experts agreed that the use of drones outside of war zones, including Somalia,
is not acceptable under international law.
"The
targeted killing of persons through drones would be impermissible here,"
Andreas Zimmermann, professor of international law at the University of
Potsdam, said on the German public radio station Deutschlandradio Kultur.
Thilo
Marauhn, an international law activist, took the argument even further.
"When the German government knows about the killing of a terror suspect by
drone outside a war zone and doesn't protest against it, this could constitute
a violation of international law," Marauhn said in the
"Panorama" report.
 |
| Schäfer: government has to investigate drones connection |
The opposition
demanded clarification from the government.
"The
government has to get to the bottom of this," said Paul Schäfer, a member
of the parliament's defense committee for the Left Party. "Otherwise, the
suspicion that Germany is part of international law violations remains. That
cannot be left out there."
Troop law
counts
There seems
to be not a lot the German government can do at the moment though, because of a
statute that governs the presence of US troops in Germany.
"We'd
have to start new negotiations about the troops statute," Schäfer told DW.
"I'm afraid that currently, the German government's opportunities to
intervene are limited. We lack the legal authority."
Government
spokesman Steffen Seibert said in Berlin that there was an on-going dialog with
US officials. "The result is that we don't have any evidence for behavior
that violates international law," Seibert said. "Speaking for the
German government, I cannot confirm the claims that were made in the
media."
Kerry
doesn't see a violation
 |
| Drone attacks are a legal response to the 9/11 attacks, Kerry said |
US
Secretary of State John Kerry did not want to comment on the media reports
either when he met his German counterpart Guido Westerwelle in Washington.
"I will not discuss details of the operation here," Kerry said.
"Our actions are legal. We were attacked on September 11. As a final
means, this is self-defense."
The German
government seems to shy away from an open discussion on the actions of American
troops in Germany. When the decision was made to base AFRICOM in Stuttgart, the
German Foreign Ministry wrote to the US government asking, according to
"Panorama," that Germany not be publicly mentioned as the new AFRICOM
home as it would cause "unnecessary public debate."
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