Amnesty
International has said some 200 refugees presumed to have died in a major
shipwreck last year could have been saved if Italian and Maltese authorities
had not dithered over rescue operations.
Amnesty
released the report in Brussels on Tuesday just hours before the European
parliamentary confirmation hearing of Dimitris Avramopoulos, Greece's incoming
European Commissioner for migration and home affairs.
Amnesty
said the EU's new leadership must boost air and naval power in the
Mediterranean to rescue migrants who are dying in record numbers trying to
reach the continent's shores. In its report, titled: "Lives adrift:
Refugees and migrants in peril in the central Mediterranean," the
British-based campaign group described a "Fortress Europe" blocking
out migrants and refugees, many of them fleeing unrest in Syria and other
countries in the Middle East and North Africa.
At least
400 people were on board a boat that capsized in Maltese search and rescue waters on October 11, 2013, according to survivors.
Malta
rescued 147 people, Italy picked up another 39, while the other passengers were
never found.
"It is
reasonable to question whether Italy and Malta acted promptly and with all
available resources to save the refugees and migrants and whether a delay in
going to their rescue contributed to the shipwreck," the human rights
association said in its report.
It said the
migrants, whose boat was taking on water after being shot at by a Libyan
vessel, were rescued at least 5-6 hours after their first emergency call. They
appealed to Italy first, but were told they had to call Malta because of their
location.
Once
alerted, Maltese authorities were said to have been slow in assuming charge of
operations. Malta allegedly didn't alert passing cargo ships, and an the
Italian navy is accused of sailing towards the wreck at less than full speed,
leaving first rescue duties to Malta.
Italy says
more money needed
Italy's navy has been patrolling the waters between Africa and Sicily since 366 people
drowned after their boat capsized within sight of the Italian island of
Lampedusa. That incident was just a week before the rescue in Maltese waters.
Italy has
repeatedly called for more EU help to tackle the emergency as Italy plans to
gradually phase out its Mare Nostrum (Our Ocean) search-and-rescue program,
which has saved more than 90,000 lives in the past year.
Amnesty
warned in its report that European Union countries must devote
"considerable" resources for migrant rescues in the Mediterranean Sea
before Italy can discontinue its own mission, or "many more lives will be
lost at sea."
Amnesty
urged the EU to change its asylum policy, which puts the onus on border
countries like Italy and Malta to take in refugees, and eventually to establish
safe ways for migrants and refugees to reach Europe.
"So
long as the EU continues to push those fleeing conflict or poverty to take
dangerous sea journeys, it must be prepared - collectively - to meet its
obligations to save lives," Amnesty said.
The
International Organization for Migration said on Monday that a record 3,072
migrants have drowned trying to cross the Mediterranean in unseaworthy boats so
far this year, compared to 2,360 in 2013.
crh/dr (dpa, Reuters, AFP)